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OTHER HOOVER RUSSIA CONTENT
Crusading is not the answer, but nor is pulling up the drawbridge
Next week, a bunch of political leaders will sit around a table at the G8 summit in Toyako, Japan, contemplating the state of the world...
Marking Our Territory: 'Conquest' by David Day
David Day is an Australian scholar heretofore known as the author of a number of engaging accounts of Australian cultural history and the continent's uneasy relationship with Britain during World War II...
Japan and the Future of Nuclear Disarmament
Australia’s Prime Minister Kevin Rudd’s entry in the visitors’ book at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum last month may not sound so astonishing or dramatic...
The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Turns 40 Today
Try an experiment today...
Niall Ferguson Says Allied Win `Tarnished' in World War II: TV
Historian Niall Ferguson compares the 20th century's unrivaled bloodletting to the mayhem in H.G. Wells's ``The War of the Worlds,'' with humans playing the part of the marauding Martians...
Historian Niall Ferguson speaks his 'peace' in 'War of the World'
Bruce Springsteen needed about 12 seconds in the song "Badlands" to explain why people are so nasty to one another...
Thinking the Unthinkable: A World Without Nuclear Weapons
When Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev talked at the 1986 Reykjavik summit about giving up all of their nuclear weapons within a decade, it was dismissed as a trick or more frightening proof that the American president was out of touch with strategic realities...
Start worrying and learn to ditch the bomb
During the Cold War nuclear weapons had the perverse effect of making the world a relatively stable place...
A neverending story: The world at war
The title of this three-part PBS documentary series is no sloppy typo but deliberate wordplay on H.G. Welles' 1898 novel The War of the Worlds, which describes a devastating attack by Martians armed with death rays and robotic fighting machines that leaves most of the world's great cities in ruins...
FDI curbs threaten world growth
The United States and other beneficiaries of foreign investment are seeking to restrict it, a leading US think-tank says in a report, warning that this "protectionist drift" could roil capital markets and stifle global economic growth for years to come...
It Doesn’t Always Compute
Two of the Three in the Axis of Evil — Korea and Iraq –seem no longer to be acquiring weapons of mass destruction...
Commentary: Suez and Hungary redux
Israel's message to its only ally, the United States, was quite clear...
Geneva: Conference on Disarmament
Statement by Javier SOLANA, EU High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy, before the Conference on Disarmament, Geneva, 25 June 2008...
The Imitators: Part III
Some of the people who are most adamant against outsourcing economic activity from the United States to other countries often seem to think we should outsource our foreign policy to "world opinion" or act only in conjunction "with our NATO allies."...
THE STANLEY FOUNDATION: POLICY DIALOGUE BRIEF: US NUCLEAR WEAPONS POLICY AND ARMS CONTROL: 24/06/2008
On November 13, 2007, the Stanley Foundation convened a half-day discussion at the Park Hyatt Hotel in Washington, DC, with US administration officials, congressional staff, foreign diplomatic staff, and nongovernmental organization (NGO) policy experts, as one of a series of Stanley-organized discussions on US nuclear weapons policy...
Talking to enemy nations becomes a point of contention for McCain, Obama
A California voter named Stephen Sorta posed the question on YouTube, which was played at a Democratic debate, and Barack Obama swiftly answered, "I would."...
Is the United States becoming a socialist country?
It is becoming increasingly likely that the United States, which supposedly won the Cold War against the socialist Soviet Union, will soon become a socialist society...
'Refusenik': Resilient spirits survived the Soviet Union
Laura Bialis' powerful, stirring and comprehensive documentary "Refusenik" charts the long battle of Soviet Jews to win the right to leave their oppressive country...
New world orders?
With "war on terror" nearly seven years old, Philip Bobbitt, a distinguished US academic and former policymaker, has written a big book that attempts to reframe the way we think about terrorism and our response to it...
Raucous Russian Paper Closes
An English-language newspaper in Moscow famed for lampooning Russian and Western officialdom has shut down after it fell under the scrutiny of the government for its raucous content...
A DISARMING INITIATIVE
The elimination of nuclear weapons has resurfaced as a proposition after four former American secretaries of state and defence — George Schulz, Henry Kissinger, William Perry and Samuel Nunn — mentioned this possibility in newspaper articles in January 2007 and earlier this year...
Opposing view: Prepare to attack
In a declassified National Intelligence Estimate, Iran: Nuclear Intentions and Capabilities, the U.S. intelligence agencies announced last December, "We judge with high confidence that in fall 2003, Tehran halted its nuclear weapons program."...
Arms talks relaunch
IT may take a while for Kevin Rudd's plan to save the world, aka eliminating all nuclear weapons, to be fulfilled...
Start drilling!
The other day in southwestern Fresno County, a poor part of Central California, I talked with a number of folks at a rural gas station...
This risks strangling freedom without any security gain
Today was a bad one for both liberty and democracy in Britain...
We need to turn-back the nuclear Doomsday clock.
Kevin Rudd's decision to establish a Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Commission is a vital and timely initiative, for nuclear risks have been rising...
McCain Signals Desire to See Reduction in Nuclear Arms
Sen. John McCain called for a new nuclear arms reduction treaty with Russia on Tuesday, staking out a position on nonproliferation somewhat at odds with the policies of the Bush administration...
The Inflation You Just Can’t Stop
"What’s different?" asked colleague Manraaj Singh at this morning’s conference...
Leftist thinking left off the syllabus
Leftist ideology may be gaining ground in Latin America...
Inflation is a monetary phenomenon − Also in CEE
Inflation has risen dramatically all over Central & Eastern Europe over the last year...
Technological innovation and national security
Of the United States' US$600 billion defense budget, at least 40-50 percent goes to technology...
Pipes: Iran war definite if Obama wins
Neoconservative political analyst Daniel Pipes says if a Democratic nominee becomes president, Iran should 'watch out' for a US attack...
Obama is Europe's dream candidate, but we may have to settle for McSame
To say that Europeans will welcome President George Bush on his farewell visit to Europe next week would invite a charge of verb-abuse...
Envisioning a World Free of Nuclear Weapons
On the 40th anniversary of the nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT), there is a resurgence of interest in achieving the vision of a world free of nuclear weapons...
Rudyard Griffiths: A Toronto audience flips for John McCain (and flops on Barack Obama)
Last week in Toronto, Samantha Power, the Pulitzer Prize winning author and former adviser to Barack Obama, was uncharacteristically downbeat...
New Opportunities for Nonproliferation
The 40th anniversary of the nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) and the treaty’s looming 2010 review conference offer serious opportunities to think anew about the challenges and the opportunities in the critical field of nuclear nonproliferation...
The Bad War?
Questioning the past is a good thing, but rewriting it contrary to facts is quite another...
Diplomacy thriving, but without U.S.
Just this spring, a number of diplomatic initiatives and conflict-settlement discussions are taking place without the United States, raising questions about the reach and strength of American global power...
McCain proposal for joint action gains support
Gaining ground this political season is a proposed League of Democracies designed to strengthen support for the next president's overseas agenda and ensure a global leadership role for the United States...
McCain's middle way on nuclear weapons
John McCain's new arms control proposals may be reminiscent of policies pursued by President Bush – President George H. W. Bush, that is, the current chief executive's father...
McCain: Back to the future
JOHN McCAIN gave a sage and substantive speech Tuesday on his approach to the dangers of nuclear proliferation...
Majority of Russians consider United States a force for evil: US election 2008
Given that Vladimir Putin, their revered prime minister, once likened the United States to the Third Reich, it should come as little surprise that Russians were more suspicious of their Cold War adversary’s motives than any other nationality surveyed...
The Jewish key to Henry Kissinger
To say that Henry Kissinger is the most controversial of twentieth-century American Secretaries of State would be an understatement...
McCain on "Nuclear Security"
Yesterday in Denver, John McCain gave a speech setting out his latest views on nuclear weapons...
Curbing the global nuclear threat
While Americans justifiably focus their security concerns on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, an equal or perhaps greater danger to the United States today is the global arsenal of nuclear weapons...
The Talking Cure?
In their litany of American presidents who met with hostile dictators, supporters of Barack Obama cite John F. Kennedy and his meeting with Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev in Vienna in 1961...
A Cabinet of Soviet Curiosities
Sometimes the smallest of things can illuminate the largest...
U.S.-Russia Missile Defense Tensions and Russian Military Resurgence
For many in the U.S. and Britain, one of 2007's surprises - or shocks - was the resurgence of Russia as a force to be reckoned with...
Rising prices and job losses are the two most direct ways an economy inflicts pain on the average citizen.
Rising prices and job losses are the two most direct ways an economy inflicts pain on the average citizen...
New leaders unlikely to ease US-Russian tensions
Russia's new president has promised the kind of democratic change that Washington advocated during predecessor Vladimir Putin's tenure...
USA’s new Russian ambassador promises no changes in bilateral relations
In the near future the US Congress will consider the candidacy of a new US ambassador to Russia...
Trapped by the KGB
Journalists, for the most part, shun the idea of becoming part of the story...
Stopping Soviet Suriname
It was 25 years ago that a remarkable effort took place concerning a small, unremarkable country at the northern tip of South America: Suriname...
THE MORNING BRIEF
Defense Secretary Robert Gates yesterday suggested that in the years ahead, U.S. generals really should be trying to fight the last war, because Iraq represents both the future and the present for armed conflict...
The Challenge From China
Even as our hearts go out to the Chinese who have perished in the earthquake, we cannot lose sight of the fact that every day China is growing stronger...
Memory and Civic Education: The Perils of Cultural Amnesia
THE TRADITIONAL—and classical—definition of civic education rested on the assumption of a people’s collective memory...
Putin steps ... up?
In Casino Royale, the latest Bond film, 'M' declares, "Christ, I miss the Cold War!"...
Tales from the Secret Soviet Archives
On Christmas Day 1979, U.S. intelligence detected waves of Soviet military aircraft flying into Afghanistan...
Learning from Russia's Mistakes in Afghanistan
During a nine-year war, 620,000 Soviet troops served in Afghanistan...
This tale of two revolutions and two anniversaries may yet have a twist
During the Velvet revolution of 1989 I spied an improvised poster in a Prague shop window...
The Democratic Recession
There are two important recessions going on in the world today...
A Treaty to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
Although few people are aware of it, there has been considerable progress over the past decade toward a treaty to abolish nuclear weapons...
Time to bury a dangerous legacy
ONE month after the terrorist assault on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, on October 11, 2001, President George W. Bush faced a more terrifying prospect...
Advice for the Nuclear Abolitionists
As for the argument that these measures might allow the United States to come to global nonproliferation issues from the moral high ground--having shown it is serious about reducing its own stock of nuclear weapons--the reality is that neither Russia nor China (let alone India, Pakistan, or Israel) is ever likely to give up its nuclear arsenal entirely...
Olli Rehn: Türkiye yol ayırımında (orjinal tam metin)
Europe's smart power in its region and the world...
Hoover Institution Press: Looking Backward and Forward, by Charles Wolf Jr.
Looking Backward and Forward: Policy Issues in the Twenty-first Century (Hoover Institution Press, 2008) is a collection of twenty–five essays written by Hoover senior research fellow Charles Wolf Jr. between 2002 and early 2007...
After America: Fareed Zakaria's 'Post-American World'
In recent years, a series of startling global developments has provoked a new round of thinking among students of international affairs about the international order and America's place in it...
United States Reducing Nuclear Weapons at an Extraordinary Pace
All three candidates for president of the United States have expressed support for nuclear arms reductions and strengthening the 1970 treaty governing nuclear nonproliferation...
Outside View: Overcoming nuclear legacy
Perhaps it says something about the "positive" state of Russian-American relations that the recent Bush-Putin Sochi summit could take place at all against the backdrop of Moscow's strenuous opposition to NATO expansion and Washington's plans to build a ballistic defense in neighboring countries...
Divided nations to meet on ailing atom control pact
More than 180 nations gather on Monday to seek elusive common ground on how to save the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty...
Hoover Institution Library and Archives Open Exhibit Highlighting the Role of Soviet Dissidents and Their Supporters in the West
The Hoover Institution Library and Archives exhibition, To Choose Freedom: Soviet Dissidents and Their Supporters, offers a glimpse into the era of repression that followed the “thaw” of the Khrushchev years and extended through the perestroika and glasnost era of the 1980s...
Nonviolent Resistance to a Most Violent Regime, Part I
On April 14, the Hoover Institution of Stanford University hosted a conference on the Soviet dissident movement in the 1980s and its support by the U.S. government...
U.S. Race Advisers Sound Off on Russia
Senator John McCain has called President Vladimir Putin's Russia revanchist and suggested that it be expelled from the G8...
'Nonviolent Resistance to the Most Violent Regime'
On Apr. 14, the Hoover Institution of Stanford University hosted a grand conference dedicated to the Soviet dissident movement which took place during the 1980s and its support by the American government...
The Autumn of the Patriarch
When will an American president finally scrap our embargo on Cuba?
By Oscar Espinosa Chepe and William Ratliff.
Smiley’s People
How the British became the most spied-upon people in Western
Europe. By Timothy Garton Ash.
Weak Hand, Skillful Player
Chiang Kai-shek’s diaries shed light on his intricate moves in the
game of international diplomacy. By Paul H. Tai.
The Last Dance
President Bush had barely settled into the White House when FBI agent Robert Hanssen was unmasked as a Russian spy of 22 years' standing...
Europe or Eurabia?
THE future of Europe is in play...
A question of democracy
A lecturer said Monday that Russia's politics is defined by three moral failings: corruption, an undemocratic mentality and a lack of democratic safeguards - and that undemocratic mentality has led to hundreds of unnecessary deaths...
Conference: Soviet Dissident Movement and American Foreign Policy During 1980s
When: Panel discussions from 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., April 14, 2008, and pre-dinner speaker Yuri Yarim-Agaev from 6:45 to 7:30 p.m., April 14, 2008...
Michael McFaul
As the NATO summit kicked off in Bucharest on Wednesday, Michael McFaul, Director of the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law at Stanford University, joined RT to give his views on NATO's expansion plans...
Aiming to Ease Tensions, Without U.S.-Russia Pact
President Bush and Russian President Vladimir Putin brought their turbulent seven-year partnership to a close Sunday without a concrete deal on the issues dividing their wary nations but left behind a road map for their successors...
Keep your enemies closer
Should the next president talk to the country's enemies?...
Does Bush Know Something We Don't?
President Bush is ratcheting up expectations for his European trip, aggressively calling for continued expansion of NATO into the former Soviet Union and saying he is hopeful that a deal with Russian President Vladimir Putin on establishing a missile defense shield in Eastern Europe could be nailed down by Sunday...
Religion and Social Order
Filling the gap when autocrats fall
Meet the New Czar
A popular Soviet joke once asked when would the first Soviet-style election take place? ...
How Putin's Crackdown Holds Russia Back
If there is any causal relationship between authoritarianism and economic growth in Russia, it is negative, say Michael McFaul, a senior fellow with the Hoover Institution, Kathryn Stoner-Weiss, Associate Director for Research and Senior Research Scholar at the Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law at Stanford University...
Medvedev-Putin Relationship May Guide Future Russian Policy
Dmitri Medvedev, 42, officially becomes president of Russia on May 7...
The Candidates and Russia
As expected, Russia's First Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev was elected this week as the new president of the Russian Federation with 68% of the vote...
Russia Pumps Tens of Millions Into Burnishing Image Abroad
In early 2004, when Svetlana Mironyuk became director general of the Russian news and information agency RIA Novosti, she discovered that the descendant of the Soviet Union's global propaganda machine was dying on its feet...
Focus on Issues: Will Russia’s New Leader Continue Down Putin’s Path?
Outgoing Russian president Vladimir Putin's handpicked successor, Dmitry Medvedev has won the presidential election...
Booming Russia now facing debt crisis
The destination of choice for Red Square sightseers in the turbulent 1990s was Moscow's cavernous glass and steel shopping galleria known as GUM...
Sizing up Medvedev, the next Russian president
Dmitri Medvedev, the man chosen to be the next Russian president, sat surrounded by soldiers...
Russia has run rings round the west. A united Europe must stand up to it
This presidential election is such a cliffhanger...
What Russia's Election Means for our Presidential Candidates
What's remarkable about the U.S. election is how much it is about a change...
Symposium: Russia's "Higher Values"
As Russia's March 2 presidential election approaches, the tyrannical structures of Russian institutions become increasingly transparent..
Medvedev Should Move Beyond Autocracy
In December, Vladimir Putin ended the mystery about his successor...
Cold War Leaves Some Chilling Ghosts
'The Cold War as ancient history', ran a headline in the International Herald Tribune Feb. 4, above an article on how teenagers in the former East Berlin know little about communism...
Letter: Kremlin More Subtly Jams Freedom's Beams
Michael McFaul and Kathryn Stoner-Weiss paint a demoralizing picture of Vladimir Putin's relentless attack on democracy and the toll it has taken on Russian society ("Notable & Quotable," Jan. 18)...
From Hoover Press: Lenin's Brain and Other Tales from the Secret Soviet Archives, by Paul R. Gregory
In Lenin’s Brain and Other Tales from the Secret Soviet Archives (Hoover Institution Press, 2008) Hoover fellow Paul R. Gregory has written 14 tales drawn from the Hoover Institution’s collections on the Soviet state and party archives...
Resurgent Russia? A Still-Faltering Military
Reports of its return have been greatly exaggerated
Resurgent Russia? Rethinking Energy Inc.
Five myths about the “energy superpower”
A Cold War redux is seen on the horizon
Growing friction between the United States and Russia over Iran is only part of an increasingly difficult relationship that many diplomats and experts consider to be in its worst shape since the end of the Cold War, and at risk of further deterioration...
Russia Sidelined in U.S. Campaign
With the U.S. economic downturn, the war in Iraq and the threat of looming conflict with Iran, it is little wonder that candidates in the heated U.S. presidential primaries spare few words for Russia...
Putin's tiff with Britain reflects authoritarian trend in Russia
The heated and sometimes comic diplomatic wrestling bout between London and Moscow is not just about the Kremlin's anger at Britain harbouring dissident Russian tycoons...
A Touch of Menace
Vladimir Putin. We may not know what he’s thinking, but we know
only too much about his methods. By Robert Service.
More Stick, Less Carrot
Why Russia won’t play nice. By Michael McFaul.
Right and Wrong in Russia
The moral and spiritual malaise of a great nation. By David Satter.
Well-Spoken Dictators
Iran's Mahmoud Ahmadinejad wasn't the first tyrant to speak at Columbia. Arnold Beichman remembers when Hitler's ambassador showed up in 1933.
Bitter Harvest
The great famine certainly demonstrated Stalin's cruelty, but was it genocide? By Michael Ellman.
Communism Inc.
Over time, the Soviet Communist Party became oddly businesslike. By Eugenia Belova and Valery Lazarev.
Master and Masterpiece
Boris Pasternak's great work, Doctor Zhivago, has turned 50. The Hoover Institution shared some of its vast collection of documents and photos for an international symposium. By Leonora Soroka.
The Kremlin Fesses Up (a Bit)
Joseph Stalin never had any problem finding willing executioners...
Russian growth is stalked by inflation demons
As President Vladimir Putin’s second term draws to a close, markets could not be more enamoured with Russia’s strong economic performance...
The Myth of the Authoritarian Model
The conventional explanation for Vladimir Putin's popularity is straightforward...
Tsar struck
Choosing a “Man of the Year” is a risky business and writing about him even more so...
When an Ex-K.G.B. Man Says They’re Out to Get Him..
I called Alexander Litvinenko in London to ask him about poison and the K.G.B., and he was glad to oblige...
Small Democratic Step
For the last eight years of Vladimir Putin's presidency, friends of mine who either worked for or were simply sympathetic to the Kremlin have argued at various times that Russia was a "managed" democracy, a "sovereign" democracy or an autocracy like China on the long road to democracy via the autocratic-modernizer path...
The Recent Russian and Chechen Elections: Putin and His Mafia Allies Control Both with an Iron Hand
On December 3rd, Russia had yet another parliamentary election...
Sidekick-in-Chief
Russian President Vladimir Putin put an end to endless speculation Monday and tapped Dmitry Medvedev, a first deputy prime minister, to succeed him...
Putin Seeks Pliable Successor, New Role After Duma Campaign Win
With Russian opposition politicians planning long-shot presidential campaigns, Vladimir Putin is searching for a pliable successor who might even be willing to let him retake the reins, analysts said...
From Hoover Press: Implications of the Reykjavik Summit on Its Twentieth Anniversary: Conference Report, Edited by Sidney D. Drell and George P. Shultz
At their October 1986 meeting in Reykjavik, Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev agreed on the need to eliminate nuclear weapons...
Becoming a Motor of the Global Economy
The International Monetary Fund’s latest annual report on Russia describes a remarkable trajectory no less exceptional than that of post-World War II Germany or Japan...
Becoming a Motor of the Global Economy
The International Monetary Fund's latest annual report on Russia describes a remarkable trajectory no less exceptional than that of post-World War II Germany or Japan...
New Russia Debate Takes Shape
In an interview with RFE/RL on October 23, U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates stressed that Russia is still Washington's "strategic partner" and soft-pedaled fears about Moscow's newly assertive international posture...
Putin Needed to Hear It
If President Bush told his recent Russian houseguest a few uncomfortable truths, then Bush was only behaving as a friend. By David Satter.
Russia and nuclear disarmament
The vision of a nuclear-weapon-free world is as old as nuclear weapons themselves...
Watching Stalin Win
Transcripts of power sturggles in the Politburo, unseen for more than 70 years, are about to be published. Paul R. Gregory on a major historical find.
To the Barricades
Did Radio Free Europe inflame the Hungarian revolutionaries of 1956? Exploring one of the Cold War's most stubborn myths. By A. Ross Johnson.
‘Wild East’ All Over Again
There is a new macher in town...
Zhivago, 50 years after debut in West
In the period of de-Stalinization that followed Nikita Khrushchev's rise to power in the 1950s, optimists saw signs of a thaw...
Webcast: Congressional Hearing on Yukos
Tomorrow at 2:00 PM (EST), the House Financial Services Subcommittee on Domestic and International Monetary Policy, Trade, and Technology is holding a hearing on the Yukos affair with my colleague Tim Osbourne, Anders Åslund and others...
Fervor for Putin takes an icy turn
The Bush administration's failure to win Russia's consent to install U.S. missile defenses in its European backyard and a growing list of other disputes suggest that President Bush and his aides have misread the man whose "soul" Bush thought he'd divined when they first met six years ago...
Rice Avoids Criticizing Putin as U.S. Seeks Russia's Cooperation
With the Kremlin backsliding on democracy, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice has responded with expressions of dismay over a crackdown on independent institutions, while steering clear of any direct criticism of President Vladimir Putin's possible plan to extend his hold on power by becoming prime minister next year...
Kremlinology redux
Just when we thought we had things figured out, Russian President Vladimir Putin did the unexpected...
Russia's stability called frail
The prospect of Vladimir Putin at the helm in Russia for years to come has been hailed by Russians and foreign investors as an assurance of interim stability, but analysts say the concentration of so much power in a single set of hands jeopardizes stability in the long run and negates the system of checks and balances Russia so desperately needs...
From Russia, little love for U.S. plan
Offering a chilly welcome to a high-level U.S. delegation Friday, Russian President Vladimir Putin threatened to pull out of a Cold War-era nuclear arms pact and warned Washington it risked marring relations with Moscow if it forged ahead with plans for a missile defense system in Eastern Europe...
European Missile Defense: The Technological Basis of Russian Concerns
The Bush administration is proposing to deploy a missile defense that it claims would protect most of Europe and the continental United States against potential long-range ballistic missile attacks from Iran...
Mikhail Trofimovich Zarochentsev
Михаил Трофимович Зароченцев
Alexander Yvanoff, 1896 - 1973
Александр Ефимович Иванов, 1896 - 1973
Oleg Yadoff, 1902 - 1961
Ядов Олег Иванович, 1902 - 1961
Vorontsov Family Papers
Воронцовы
Antonina R. von Arnold, 1896 - 1988
Антонина Романовна фон Арнольд, 1896 - 1988
Boris Nikolaevich Volkov, 1894 - 1954
Борис Николаевич Волков, 1894 - 1954
Vakhan Fomich Totomiants
Тотомианц Вахан Фомич
Sergei Sergeevich Tolstov, 1881 - 1950
Толстов Сергей Сергеевич, 1881 - 1950
Vladimir Iakovlevich Tolmachev, 1876 - 1947?
Толмачев Владимир Яковлевич, 1876 - 1947?
Olga Petrovna Tissarevskaia
Тиссаревская Ольга Петровна
Innokentii Nikolaevich Seryshev, 1883 - 1976
О. Иннокентий Серышев, 1883 - 1976
Konstantin Vasil'evich Semchevskii, 1894 - 1978
Семчевский Константин Васильевич, 1894 - 1978
Mary Catherine Roberts, 1884 - 1978
Робертс Мэри Катерин, 1884 - 1978
Mitrofan Ivanovich Retivov, 1869 - 1961
Ретивов Митрофан Иванович, 1869 - 1961
Rostislav Vladimirovich Polchaninov
Полчанинов Ростислав Владимирович
Vladimir Mikhailovich Perekrestenko
Перекрестенко Владимир Михайлович
Maxim Panteleieff, 1887 - 1958
Пантелеев Максим Петрович, 1887 - 1958
Nikolai Vasil'evich Orlov
Орлов Николай Васильевич
Iosif Konstantinovich Okulich, 1871 - 1949
Окулич Иосиф Константинович, 1871 - 1949
Andrei Mikhailovich Naidenov, 1896 - 1972
Найденов Андрей Михайлович, 1896 - 1972
Olga Morozova, 1892 - 1970
Морозова Ольга Александровна, 1877 - 1968
Iurii Petrovich Miroliubov, 1892 - 1970
Миролюбов Юрий Петрович, 1892 - 1970
Elizabeth Malozemoff, 1881 - 1974
Малоземова Елизавета Андреевна, 1881 - 1974
Anatole S. Loukashkin, 1902 - 1988
Лукашкин Анатолий Стефанович, 1902 - 1988
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Kurenkov, 1891-1971
Александр Александрович Куренков, 1891-1971
Iustina Vladimirovna Kruzenshtern-Peterets, 1903 - 1983
Юстина Владимировна Крузенштерн-Петерец, 1903 - 1983
Moscow is rethinking Russia's role in the world
Soviet foreign minister Andrei Gromyko once declared that no conflict anywhere in the world could be settled without taking into account the interests of the Soviet Union...
George Koudinoff, 1896 - 1969
Георгий Васильевич Кудинов, 1896 - 1969
Nikolai F. Kostriukov, 1898 - 1987
Николай Федорович Кострюков, 1898 - 1987
Ivan Andreevich Kolchin, 1893 - 1967
Иван Андреевич Колчин, 1893 - 1967
Alex N. Kniazeff, 1909 - 1993
Алексей Николаевич Князев, 1909 - 1993
Georgii Titovich Kiiashchenko, 1872 - 1940
Георгий Титович Киященко, 1872 - 1940
Nikolai Petrovich Kalugin, 1902 - 1987
Николай Петрович Калугин, 1902 - 1987
Mstislav Nikolaevich Ivanitskii, born 1910
Мстислав Николаевич Иваницкий, born 1910
Evgeniia Sergeevna Isaenko, 1899 - 1969
Евгения Сергеевна Исаенко, 1899 - 1969
Vladimir N. Ipatieff, 1867 - 1952
Владимир Николаевич Ипатьев, 1867 - 1952
Vasilii Sergeevich Il'in, 1888 - 1957
Василий Сергеевич Ильин, 1888 - 1957
Semen Dmitrievich Ignat'ev, 1891 - 1974
Семен Дмитриевич Игнатьев, 1891 - 1974
Paul Haensel, 1878 - 1949
Павел Петрович Гензель, 1878 - 1949
Catherine A. Gumensky, 1897 - 1988
Екатерина Александровна Гуменская, 1897 - 1988
George C. Guins, 1887 - 1971
Георгий Константинович Гинс, 1887 - 1971
Pavel Timofeevich Filip'ev, 1896 - 1981
Филипьев Павел Тимофеевич, 1896 - 1981
Ivan V. Emel'ianov, 1880 - 1945
Иван Васильевич Емельянов, 1880 - 1945
Avenir Gennadievich Efimov, 1888 - 1972
Авенир Геннадиевич Ефимов, 1888 - 1972
Anton Antonovich Dobkevich, 1892/1894 - 1973
Антон Антонович Добкевич, 1892/1894 - 1973
Reverend David Antonievich Chubov, 1878 - 1956
О. Давид (Антоньевич) Чубов, 1878 - 1956
Nikolai Viktorovich Borzov, 1871 - 1955
Николай Викторович Борзов, 1871 - 1955
Andrew T. Beltchenko, 1873 - 1958
Андрей Терентьевич Бельченко, 1873 - 1958
Taissiia Anatol'evna Bazhenova, 1900 - 1978
Таисия Анатольевна Баженова, 1900 - 1978
Mother Ariadna, 1900-1996
Игуменья Ариадна, 1900-1996
Swamp Sunrise
Here are a few Washington events of note for Tuesday, September 18, 2007 as collected by the Associated Press...
Putin's pick for PM stuns Kremlin
Eight years ago Russia reeled with shock as President Boris Yeltsin named a shadowy former spy as his prime minister and preferred successor...
What If They Can’t Be Cowed Into Submission?
This past April, the American Jewish Historical Society honored George Shultz, the former secretary of state, for his very powerful contributions to the freedom of Soviet Jewry...
Russia Profile Weekly Experts Panel: Is Democracy Promotion Dead?
Although this panel is usually devoted to Russia and Russian policies, it is useful from time to time to consider the policies of other countries that affect Russia, either directly or indirectly...
President Putin's Third Term
Americans might be pardoned for thinking that the presidential race is an out-of-control, ever-lengthening marathon...
Russia: Ghosts Of 1999 Haunt Presidential Succession
It was the summer of 1999, and Boris Yeltsin's boozy and tumultuous presidency was drawing to a close...
U.S. Catches at Any Excuse to Disarm Russia
The allegations about poor vitality of Russia’s missile warning system is an element of information war waged by some forces in the United States, said Gen. Col. Valter Kraskovsky, who was once in charge of the missile and space defense of Russia...
Cold War Relic
The Russian decision to suspend its participation in the treaty on conventional forces in Europe means that Russia will halt inspections of its military sites by NATO and no longer limit the number of its conventional weapons as it has been doing — at least in theory....
Some thoughts on the men at Walker’s Point
Maybe it's about turning the other cheek, but is it the thing you do in international diplomacy? ...
Decoding messages in Maine
George W. Bush made his most profound statement about Russia in a November 1999 speech when he correctly argued that "dealing with Russia on essential issues will be far easier if we are dealing with a democratic and free Russia..."
Bush reacts to months of criticism by the Russia's president with praise, friendship
fter hearing scathing criticism of the U.S. and its foreign policy from his Russian counterpart for months, President George W. Bush praised President Vladimir Putin for his truthfulness and frankness — a move that drew criticism from some Russia experts....
History Is Everything When Dealing With Modern Russia
You can expect to see pictures of President Vladimir Putin, not exactly your seafaring type, being whipped around the choppy Kennebunkport waters by Father Bush in his beloved sleek-nosed fast boat....
Russia: Observer Says Bush-Putin Friendship 'A Myth'
As the July 1-2 summit of Russian President Vladimir Putin and U.S. President George W. Bush approaches, RFE/RL Washington correspondent Vladimir Abarinov asks former "Financial Times" Moscow correspondent and author David Satter what he believes will be accomplished at the Bush family estate in Kennebunkport....
No Claws Bared As 'Lobster Summit' Ends With Putin Proposal
Bush and Putin claimed "a joint effort" helped land the Russian president a hefty striped bass during an early-morning fishing excursion....
President, Putin upbeat but still at odds on missiles
President Bush and President Vladimir Putin of Russia said yesterday that they had made some progress in bridging their differences over US missile defense plans in Europe, after an informal seaside meeting at the Bush family compound that was designed to repair fraying relations....
Big Powers Skirt Anti-Nuke Terrorism Treaty
But most of the major powers, including those with nuclear weapons, are giving it a miss -- at least so far....
Putin and Bush Look to Lower Tensions with Meeting
When Russian President Vladimir Putin visits President Bush at the Bush family summer home in Maine on Sunday, they will try to revive some of the personal rapport the two seemed to have early in their relationship....
Trying to Revive Bond With a Bolder Putin
The first time Vladimir Putin met President Bush's dog at the White House, the Russian president seemed distinctly unimpressed....
A Red Army Memoir of World War II
It is June 1944, and the Red Army is pressing its offensive against the German Wehrmacht in the Soviet Republic of Belarus, roughly 200 miles east of what is now the Polish border....
Putin's Soul
When President George W. Bush meets Vladimir Putin this weekend at his father's home in Kennebunkport, he will be trying to improve relations with a Russia that is becoming increasingly dangerous to the security interests of the West....
Hudson Issues Report on US-Russia Relations on Eve of Bush-Putin Summit
On the eve of the Bush- Putin summit meeting in Kennebunkport, four members of a Russian-American study group organized by the Hudson Institute said today that the present Russian regime is moving toward "a durable system of anti-Western authoritarian rule" and called on the U.S. to counteract this tendency by demonstrating strict fidelity to democratic principles...
Dark Memories
A brief history of Soviet torturers and assassins,
some of whom had second thoughts. By Katya Drozdova.
Man of Failure
Boris Yeltsin was the tool of Russia’s
emancipation and of its descent back into authoritarianism. By David Satter.
Picture a Democracy
Russians are not doomed to be ruled by despots, and
the West should not resign itself to them. By Michael McFaul.
Swapping Labels
In much of the world, conservatives clamor for
subsidies while liberals fight big government. In the United States,
it’s the other way around. Here’s why. By Charles Wolf Jr..
The Soviet Gulag
Not all the mechanisms of repression in unfree societies are violent...
Experts: The Risks--And Rewards--Of Investing in Russia
If you want ulcers with your profits, Russia is the place for you...
Put Out by Putin
This week on "The Journal Editorial Report," President Bush meets with Vladimir Putin in Germany, amid talk of a new cold war, as Bush chastises Russia for its crackdown on democracy and Putin threatens the U.S. over its missile shield plans...
US-Russia: Cold War Redux?
In the new fireworks between the US and Russia, the rhetoric is straight out of the Cold War...
Shades of red
An ambitious book by Robert Service pieces together the history of world communism — in all its forms...
Leaders spar in war of words over missile defense system at summit
At the G-8 summit today, all eyes will be on President Bush and Russian President Vladimir Putin, whose relationship is at an all-time low point...
Blair tries to chip away at icy relations with Russia despite rhetoric
British Prime Minister Tony Blair chipped away at frosting relations with Russia yesterday, saying Western leaders want a "constructive relationship" despite a fresh salvo of combative bluster from Vladimir Putin...
Museum of Russian Culture Collection Highlight - Russian
The Cold War
John O’Sullivan explores three competing explanations for the causes of the cold war and the three fundamental explanations for its end. Along the way, he offers in the Soviet Union a cogent analysis of the roles played by Mikhail Gorbachev and by Ronald Reagan, Margaret Thatcher, and Pope John Paul II in the West.
Russia/CIS Collection
Hoover fellows Michael McFaul and David Satter testify on Russia before House Foreign Affairs Committee
Hoover Institution fellows Michael McFaul and David Satter presented testimony on recent political developments in Russia before the House Foreign Affairs Committee on May 17.
THE GHOST OF COMMUNISM PAST: Reform in Russia and China
After two decades of reform, Stalin and Mao wouldn't recognize Russia and China today. But each state has taken a different path away from their communist past. Russia has emphasized democratic reforms while enduring economic instability. China has promoted economic growth based on market reforms, while maintaining tight control over politics. Which path will prove to be more successful, Russia's or China's?
The Perils of Putinism
Russia reverts to form—and to despots. By Arnold Beichman.
Message in the Ashes
What really happened to the schoolchildren in Beslan.
By David Satter.
REAGAN'S WAR: Who Won the Cold War
Did Ronald Reagan win the cold war? It's been a dozen years since its end—time enough to look back on the era with some historical perspective. And one question that historians continue to argue about is the role that Ronald Reagan, the man and his policies, played in bringing the cold war to an end. To what extent did Reagan's cold war strategy build on efforts of previous administrations and to what extent was it new? Did the Soviet Union collapse as a result of external pressure or internal weakness?
PUTIN THE TERRIBLE? Vladimir Putin and Russian Democracy
On March 14, 2004, Russians head to the polls to choose a president. Current president Vladimir Putin is expected to win a second term by an overwhelming margin. Will this be a genuine democratic show of support for a popular leader or the result of a corrupt political system headed towards dictatorship? When President Bush first met President Putin in June 2001, he declared, "I found him to be very straightforward and trustworthy.... I was able to get a sense of his soul." Is Putin the trustworthy leader that Bush saw or something much more dangerous?
Yeltsin vs. Putinism
Few truly understand how the just deceased Russian President Boris Yeltsin made it almost impossible for President Vladimir Putin or any future successor to bring back communism to Russia...
Putin remains combative and defiant of international pressure
As President Vladimir Putin enters the last year of his presidency, he has become more defiant of international pressure and more willing to challenge both Europe and the United States...
Shultz Praises Effort To Free Soviet Jewry
A secretary of State during the Reagan administration, George Shultz, credited diplomacy and determination with the success of the American movement to free Soviet Jewry in the 1980s at a dinner last night honoring him for his work in that effort...
Raise a glass for Yeltsin -- it's what he'd do
Boris Yeltsin did not appear for a scheduled session with Russian media at the conclusion of the 1993 Clinton-Yeltsin summit in Vancouver, B.C. Word came, amid knowing chuckles, that Russia's president was "indisposed" and under the weather...
A Look Back at Yeltsin
Real Clear Politics offers two pieces about the legacy of Boris Yeltsin who died earlier this week...
Yeltsin opened a new world for Russia
Boris Yeltsin, the first elected president of Russia in all its long history, who died Monday at 76, may have been a flawed character, a leader who will leave an ambiguous legacy...
Boris Yeltsin
The era of Boris Yeltsin, who died yesterday, was a time of lost opportunity.
The Kazakhs: Second Edition
The Iron Archives
Since the end of the cold war, historians have mined the Russian archives for insights into the nature of the Soviet empire and its global reach...
The Crimean Tatars
The Azerbaijani Turks: Power and Identity under Russian Rule
Solzhenitsyn in Exile: Critical Essays and Documentary Materials
Russians and Their Favorite Books
Russia, Ukraine and the Breakup of the Soviet Union
Market and Plan under Socialism: The Bird in the Cage
Guide to the Collections in the Hoover Institution Archives Relating to Imperial Russia, the Russian Revolutions, Civil War, and the First Emigration
The Fall of the Berlin Wall: Reassessing the Causes and Consequences of the End of the Cold War
Making Things Work: Russian and American Economic Relations, 1900–1930, a Bilingual Exhibition Catalog
Last Empire: Nationality and the Soviet Future
CNN's Cold War Documentary: Issues and Controversy
Food as a Weapon
Herbert Hoover fed not only the citizens of Belgium
but also, in the hope that they would throw off the Bolsheviks, the
citizens of Soviet Russia. Bertrand M. Patenaude has another remarkable story.
The communist who couldn't
The presentation of its archives by the defunct Communist Party U.S.A. to New York University's library reminded me of the days in the 1940s when party members were more open, especially in the trade unions -- for example, in their takeover coups in the nascent Congress of Industrial Organizations or CIO...
Überpower: The Imperial Temptation of America by Josef Joffe
Josef Joffe’s Überpower: The Imperial Temptation of America takes the reader from the Soviet Union’s implosion in December 1991 through the current Iraq war with clear, engaging and insightful prose...
Behind the Façade of Stalin's Command Economy: Evidence from the Soviet State and Party Archives
Examining the period from the early 1930s through Stalin's death in 1953—the height of the Stalinist regime—this enlightening book reveals what we have learned from the archives, what has surprised us, and what has confirmed what we already knew.
The Economics of Forced Labor: The Soviet Gulag
"This is a collection of studies that elucidate the internal mechanisms of the Gulag-system, making use of Soviet archival materials. Books like this one make important contributions to the great agenda of explaining Stalinism in practice." —Klaus Segbers, professor for political science, Institute for East European Studies, Department of Political Science, Free University of Berlin
Soviet Archives - Research
Much of our work has been first circulated in the form of PERSA (Political Economy Research in Soviet Archives) working papers. A list and on-line access to full text of papers not yet published elsewhere is available at www.warwick.ac.uk/go/persa; once published, the papers are removed from PERSA with a citation reference for those interested in reading the text in published form.
Soviet Archives - About
Teetering In Tehran
Russia says the launch of Iran's nuclear power plant will be delayed because Tehran is behind in making construction payments...
Who's to Blame?
Who lost Russia? As the country backslides ever more quickly into authoritarianism, the answer you increasingly hear is: the United States...
U.S. Moves to Soothe Growing Russian Resentment
The Bush administration has decided to reach out more often and more intensively to Russia at a time when the leadership in Moscow is harshly criticizing American policy and some scholars say the United States has not sufficiently tended to an important relationship...
The “Russian Idea” of Nikolai Berdyaev
The Hoover Archives contain a large collection of
writings by the Russian émigré intellectual Nikolai Berdyaev,
many of which were published in obscure Parisian émigré
journals. Berdyaev’s writings illustrate the profound paradoxes
of Russian messianism, which continue to confound many Russians today.
By David Satter.
Putin's posture
The annual meeting of defense and foreign-policy eminences here is usually devoted to a fair amount of carping from one side of the Atlantic to the other...
Regession in Russia
Every day in every way things worsen in Vladimir Putin's Russia...
How to Push Putin
Relations between the United States and China have improved since September 11, but the two sides still view each other with a great deal of unease. Hoover fellow H. Lyman Miller on the most powerful nation on earth—and the most populous.
Russia's press perils
"When it comes to press freedom, Russia is now ranked below countries like Sudan, Zimbabwe, and Afghanistan..."
Anti-Sovietchik No. 1
Those who were born in Year One of the Russian Revolution are now entering their 10th decade...
Putin bravado fuels fresh fears of nuclear arms race
Two of Canada's leading nuclear disarmament crusaders are accusing Russian President Vladimir Putin of fueling a new nuclear arms race for bragging yesterday about the prowess of his country's powerful new intercontinental missile...
A mighty country's progress and regress
Fifteen years after the Soviet Union collapsed and split apart, Russia still fits Winston Churchill's characterisation of Stalin's USSR nearly seven decades ago: a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma...
Raw Power, Bear Facts
Before Alexander Solzhenitsyn became a Russian nativist crank, his voice carried moral authority like few others in the Soviet Union...
After the fall of Soviet Union
When a powerful state disintegrates, the result is usually conflict, anarchy or even civil war...
Yale University Press mines data from Soviet archives
Documenting the crimes of the Soviet Union has been a project that Jonathan Brent has been preparing for all his life...
Fearless Sidney Hook
Thomas Main on Towards the Understanding of Karl Marx: A Revolutionary Interpretation and The Essential Essays: Sidney Hook on Pragmatism, Democracy and Freedom by Sidney Hook
Mysterious case of the poisoned spy
Death's at the bottom of everything," remarks Major Calloway, the cynical British military policeman in the 1949 film noir classic The Third Man, a tale of murder and deception in post-World War II Vienna...
Rush to Judgment in the Ex-Spy Poisoning
As the mystery of Alexander Litvinenko's death by polonium 210 continues to unfold--and the shadowy world of spies, former agents, defectors and seedy characters revealed seems lifted from a twisted Le Carré plot--questions continue to arise about the poisoning of the former FSB agent and defector to Britain...
When an Ex-K.G.B. Man Says They’re Out to Get Him...
I called Alexander Litvinenko in London to ask him about poison and the K.G.B., and he was glad to oblige...
Russia: Too Sick to Matter?
Vodka and heart disease weaken the Russian bear
Growing Old the Hard Way: China, Russia, India
Living longer but poorer
The United States and Russia
Keeping expectations realistic
From Yeltsin to Putin
Milestones on an unfinished jouney
Mapping the Archipelago
Alexander Rose on Gulag: A History by Anne Applebaum
Why "Globalization" Didn't Rescue Russia
An optimistic theory runs into problems in practice
The Religious Sources of Islamic Terrorism
What the fatwas say
Russia's Dysfunctional Media Culture
Why U.S. assistance isn't working
What To Do About Russia
Engage the government and aid the democrats
Evil and the Postmodernist
Peter Savodnik on Terror in My Soul: Communist Autobiographies on Trial by Igal Halfin
A Contest of Brutality
Victorino Matus on The Fall of Berlin 1945 by Antony Beevor
Power and Population in Asia
Demographics and the strategic balance
The U.S. and Russia After Iraq
Rebuilding a realistic relationship
Oil fuels despotism, bloodshed
With the gruesome poisoning of former Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko, Vladimir V. Putin's Russia stands accused of killing yet another critic...
Poisonous Air over Russia
At first blush, the poisoning death of former Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko by a dose of highly radioactive polonium-210 evokes memories of a Cold War mystery in London from a generation ago...
Poisoning Latest Blow to Russia's Image
This was the year the Russian government aimed to brighten its image overseas...
Death of the Butcher
On the 50th anniversary of the death of Joseph Stalin, Hoover fellow Arnold Beichman recalls the atrocities Stalin perpetrated—and the allure he held for craven Western intellectuals.
Vladimir Putin, Backslider
Can Russia embrace democracy under a leader who doesn’t believe in it? By Hoover fellow Michael McFaul.
Sorting Pieces of the Russian Past
Russia grapples with the painful legacy of Stalin’s terror. By Hoover fellow Arnold Beichman.
SIDEBAR: Artist and Gulag Survivor Thomas Sgovio
Russia's huge oil and gas fields test relations with foreign investors
When it comes to oil and gas, things in Russia are large—very large...
Poisoned relations
The diagnosis was so unlikely, it came too late for Alexander Litvinenko: radiation poisoning by polonium-210, a highly rare and lethal element discovered by Marie Curie...
The Rise of the Russian Criminal State
During the decade following the fall of communism, Russia became mired in poverty and crime. Hoover fellow David Satter explains what went wrong.
Murder masters
Meet today's Murder Inc. headquartered in the Kremlin...
A hit job worthy of the KGB
When the wolf at the door is big enough, the easiest way to deal with him is to invite him in for supper and hope he's content to eat just the wife and kids...
Russia -- the usual suspected assassin
It could be a Cold War thriller...
Who Killed Litvinenko?
Until a week ago, Alexander Litvinenko, a former colonel in the Russian Federal Security Service, the FSB, was virtually unknown outside the murky world of Russian intelligence...
Divided EU, Russia Begin Talks Amid Energy, Trade Tensions
European Union officials face a difficult meeting today with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Helsinki, after Poland stuck with its decision to veto the start of talks on a new EU-Russia framework agreement...
The Wild, Wild East
Any nation that wants a democratic government and a free market economy must have leaders who respect the rule of law. Alas for Russia, Boris Yeltsin doesn’t. By Hoover fellow John B. Dunlop.
Kosovo Joyride*
Russian foreign policy has become as erratic and unpredictable as the nation’s notoriously capricious leader—witness the Russian army’s ridiculous dash into Kosovo ahead of NATO troops last spring. As long as Boris Yeltsin remains in power, Hoover fellow Michael McFaul argues, Russia will continue to make a diplomatic spectacle of itself.
The Romanov Legacy
The Hoover Archives contains diaries, paintings, and other mementos from the family of Nicholas II, Russia’s last tsar. Hoover archivist Elena S. Danielson gives us a glimpse into the Romanov treasure trove.
What Might Save Russia Yet
Can Russia still dig itself out of its economic morass? Hoover fellow Robert J. Barro thinks it can—if it follows his advice.
The Islamic Threat
The war between Russia and Chechnya has been over for more than a year, but the trouble is far from ended. Hoover fellow John B. Dunlop describes the continuing Islamic threat to Russia’s southern flank.
Stop the Bailout
Teetering on the verge of collapse, the Russian banking system is threatening to bring the entire Russian economy down with it. Hoover fellows Michael S. Bernstam and Alvin Rabushka argue that Russia’s banks need to be reformed, not bailed out.
Russia Needs Reform, Not Higher Taxes
Mismanagement plunged Russia into the present economic abyss. Hoover fellow Michael McFaul explains what the country must do to climb out.
Triple Threat
Hoover fellows William J. Perry and George P. Shultz—the former secretaries of defense and state—recently spent a morning talking with Hoover fellow Peter Robinson. Asked about three security concerns—Russia, China, and terrorism—the former secretaries were reassuring, but only on two out of three.
Two Eras
The Hoover Archives has recently acquired important new materials that document both the history of communism and the difficult transitions to democracy that took place in Russia, Latin America, and elsewhere once the Cold War was finally over. Hoover deputy director Charles Palm reports.
How Russia Blundered into Chechnya
When the Russians invaded the tiny province of Chechnya in 1994, they expected to achieve a swift victory. Instead they found themselves fought to a bloody stalemate. Hoover fellow John B. Dunlop on the way ignorance and arrogance led to a tragic miscalculation.
Why We Must Act
With Russia once again on the brink of collapse, the United States must do all it can to prop the country up. Hoover fellow Michael McFaul explains why.
The Myth of a Russian Dictatorship
Western analysts portray the Russian government as a virtual dictatorship. Hoover fellow Michael A. McFaul dissents. It would be an odd dictatorship, he argues, that found itself thwarted by a legislature or pushed around by a free press.
The Truth About Beslan
Om September 1, 2004, the children of School Number One in Beslan, a town of 30,000 in the Russian republic of North Ossetia, gathered to go in for the first day of school...
Chernobyl 20 Years Later*
Twenty years after the Chernobyl catastrophe, Russia and Ukraine remain committed to nuclear power—and to dubious standards of construction and safety. By David Satter.
Chaos in the Caucasus*
Russia is facing big trouble in its Deep South—and the conflict in Chechnya may well spread to the entire region. By John B. Dunlop and Rajan Menon.
Russia's No Democracy? So What?*
Vladimir Putin's autocratic regime is bad news...for Russia and the United States. By Michael McFaul and James Goldgeier.
The Lingering Dream of Empire
With little fanfare, Belarus has joined Russia in a new confederation. Russia is now lobbying other former Soviet states to do the same. Hoover fellow John B. Dunlop on Vladimir Putin’s expansionist dreams.
The Putin Paradox*
Russia’s new president may claim to represent democracy and economic liberalization, but his first months in office have given the West considerable cause for alarm. Hoover fellow Michael McFaul on actions that speak louder than words.
Sidebar: The On-the-Job Training of Vladimir Putin.
A Tsar Is Born
What can the West expect from Vladimir Putin? Trouble. By Hoover fellow Richard F. Staar.
Indifferent to Democracy
For years we assumed that the threat to Russian democracy would come from outside the Russian state. Now we can see that the real threat comes from within the Russian state. By Hoover fellow Michael McFaul.
The Specter Haunting Russia*
Hoover fellow Robert Conquest explains why Russia’s past, present, and future remain dangerously intertwined. “The collapse of communism has left a heritage of ruin.”
To remember Politkovskaya
The death of Anna Politkovskaya must not be forgotten by democratic public opinion...
Blundering toward a Second Cold War?
The Cold War has been over for nearly a decade, yet tensions between the United States on the one hand and Russia and China on the other remain extremely high. Hoover fellow Charles Hill explains how we can avoid a second Cold War.
Russia's Ominous Void
After more than six decades as a one-party state, Russia today has in effect become . . . a one-party state. Hoover fellow Michael A. McFaul explains why the Yeltsin government lacks an opposition--and why the lack is so dangerous.
Toxic Alert in Russia
The United States is about to pour money into Russian toxic weapons labs. The intention? Converting the labs to peacetime purposes. At least that's the American intention. The Russians may have other ideas. By Hoover fellow Richard Staar.
Weimar Russia
If Germany's first attempt at democracy, the Weimar Republic, had proved successful, the Second World War would never have taken place. Now Russia has embarked on its own first attempt at democracy. We dare not let it fail. By Hoover fellow and former Secretary of Defense William J. Perry.
Nikita Khrushchev's Hard Bargains
In Nikolai Gogol's 19th-century novel, "Dead Souls," the hero, Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov, visits local landowners to buy up recently deceased serfs whose names are still on the census registry..
Russian Federalism: A Contradiction in Terms
The prospects for a stable democracy and a successful economy in Russia? Grim. Rui J. P. De Figueiredo Jr. and Hoover fellow Barry R. Weingast explain.
Pull Russia West
Engaging in an unremitting effort to get the Russians to agree to a missile defense, the Bush administration has neglected the most important aspect of our relations with Russia—integrating Russia into the West. By Hoover fellow Michael McFaul.
The Nasty Mood in Russia
Why the Cold War is still with us. By Hoover fellow Robert Conquest.
Moscow, Misreading Bush
Vladimir Putin and his inner circle quietly rooted for George W. Bush last November, assuming that a Bush administration would overlook Russia’s human rights record. Now it’s time for the Bush administration to set the Russians straight. By Hoover fellow Michael McFaul.
Private Property, Freedom, and the Rule of Law
Juxtapose the history of England with that of Russia. What emerges? The importance of private property. By Richard Pipes.
The Bear Sharpens Its Claws
As a proportion of Russia's overall budget, defense has been shrinking steadily in recent years. Or has it? Hoover fellow Richard F. Staar argues that Russia has actually more than doubled its spending on one aspect of defense, research and development.
The Election of ´96
The good news about last year's presidential election in Russia is that communism was defeated forever. The bad news is what won. Hoover fellow Michael A. McFaul examines the present state of Russian democracy.
What Kind of "Democracy" Is This?*
Russia--destitute, dazed, crime-ridden--has even now failed to achieve true democracy. An essay by Nobel Prize–winner and Hoover honorary fellow Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn.
Aleksandr Lebed the Great*
Former General Aleksandr Lebed is convinced that the United States wants to take over Europe, that the old USSR must be put back together, and that he himself is a man of destiny, right up there with Peter the Great. Ready for the scary part? By Russian standards, he's sane. A portrait by Hoover fellow John B. Dunlop.
Russia and the Islamic States of the Mideast*
In its dealings with the Mideast, Russia has dusted off a few of the old Soviet foreign policy tools, including arms shipments and outrageous anti-American propaganda. An analysis by Hoover fellow Richard F. Staar.
The Economic Consequences of the Fall of Two Empires*
Western Europe recovered from the Third Reich with astonishing speed. Yet Russia and much of Eastern Europe are now engaged in a long, slow struggle to recover from communism. What accounts for the difference? A final essay by the late Hoover fellow Lewis H. Gann.
How the Mob Rules Russia*
Responsible sources estimate that two-fifths of the Russian economy is already in the hands of organized crime. Hoover fellow Richard F. Staar explains how the mob runs entire regions of the biggest country on earth-and exerts influence in the Kremlin itself.
Tomb with a View*
Russia can never truly embrace democracy and free markets without repudiating its communist past-and it can never repudiate its communist past while a certain corpse remains on display. Why Russia should bury Lenin and all his works. By Hoover fellow Arnold Beichman.
The Big Show in Bololand
In 1921, Herbert Hoover’s American Relief Administration staged a campaign to battle a devastating famine in Soviet Russia. Hoover fellow Bertrand M. Patenaude examines a little-known chapter in the history of American-Soviet relations.
When Russians Behave Like Soviets*
The United States gives Russia billions in aid every year, subject to certain important conditions, including the condition that the Russians demilitarize. The Russians keep on violating the conditions-and we keep on giving them more money. By Hoover fellow Richard F. Staar.
What Crisis?*
With Boris Yeltsin suffering from a bad heart, powerful figures are already plotting to succeed him. Should the West brace itself for a crisis? Relax, says Hoover fellow and Stanford political scientist Michael A. McFaul.
Boris Yeltsin's Bellicose Backers*
Is the United States financing the very Russians who want to start a new cold war? Hoover fellow Richard F. Staar thinks it might be.
A Muddle Wrapped in a Mystery
Hoover fellow Robert Conquest examines the prospects for peace and prosperity in Russia. His conclusion? "Cross your fingers."
Moscow's Secret Gold*
In 1992, Boris Yeltsin outlawed the Communist Party, declaring it a criminal organization. Party leaders challenged Yeltsin in court. Hoover fellow Arnold Beichman has been examining the documents in this historic case.
A Brutal Debacle*
Hoover fellow Richard F. Staar portrays the 1994-1996 war that mighty Russia has waged on tiny Chechnya, a breakaway ethnic enclave on Russia's southern flank. This conflict has claimed some forty thousand civilian lives--and it continues to fester.
The Forgotten War
The world’s attention may be fixed on the conflict in Afghanistan, but there is another bloody war under way in Central Asia. Hoover fellow John B. Dunlop on the brutal confrontation in Chechnya.
America’s New Ally?
What the United States should—and should not—do to improve relations with Vladimir Putin’s Russia. By Hoover fellow Michael McFaul.
The Wild, Wild East
In present-day Russia, society seems lawless, life seems cheap, and nearly everyone seems to be on the take. By Hoover fellow David Satter.
The Grand Strategy of Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Putin has a plan—to roll back democracy. By Hoover fellow Michael McFaul. Sidebar: An Ominous Trend: Russian nationalism rears its ugly head.
Worthy of a Nobel
We, starting with President Bush and all believers in democracy and a free press, must not forget the martyred journalist, Anna Politkovskaya, 48 and mother of two…
God knows why faith is thriving
A group of leading atheists is puzzled by the continued existence and vitality of religion
Russia Adopts 13% Flat Tax
The Russian government, under its new president, Vladimir Putin, has made tax reform its number one economic policy priority. It
How to Reverse the Upcoming Russian Bust
A real banking system, a crucial leg in the triad of the financial system (fiscal, monetary, and banking), would effectively separate management of the monetary system from private finance, beget private productive incentives, mobilize private savings, and finance private investment.
How Big Are Russia's Foreign Exchange Reserves?
To find an answer, we need to examine monthly balance sheets of the Central Bank, the debt records of the Ministry of Finance, and the collective balance sheets of the monetary authority, which comprises jointly the Central Bank of Russia and the Ministry of Finance.
Russia Has No Real Banks
Russia’s banks are ersatz banks, not real banks; their main activity is to transmit subsidies from the government to enterprises.
Russia’s Banks Are Corrupt and Unreformed
The failure to reform Russia’s banks, wrote the The Moscow correspondent of The Economist, is hampering the development of a vital source of financing for restructuring Russian enterprises.
Fact and Fancy about Post-Communist Economic Reforms
Apart from a sharp decline in living standards, the greatest loser in Russia’s economic reforms has been plain facts.
Germany and Russia Discuss Debt for Equity Swaps
Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder of Germany and Prime Minister Mikhail M. Kasyanov of Russia agreed to set up a working group to explore the proposal of a debt-for-equity swap.
Can Russia Grow Faster than 4 Percent? Yes, if....
It’s important to understand why Russia grew 7.6% in 2000. The answer is an interaction of two factors.
Will the Central Bank of Russia Remain Independent?
In late December 2000 and early January 2001, a spate of stories appeared in the Western and Russian press that President Vladimir Putin was determined to overhaul Russia’s banking system.
Is Russia on the Road to Recovery?
This year, for the first time, Russia is enjoying a 10 percent increase in industrial output and 7 percent economic growth. Has Russia turned the corner?
To Default or Not Default, That Is the Question.
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