Why Federalism Matters

>> When America's founders gathered in Philadelphia in 1787, they faced a critical choice that would shape the nation's follow the European model of a single national government like that of England or France, or continue the loose confederation of states adopted under the Articles of Confederation. Realizing the limitations of both options, founders like James Madison proposed an entirely unique hybrid system, partly national, partly local.

 

America's Federalism, as it's known today. The proposed federalist system gave powers to the national government like those of foreign affairs and interstate commerce, but left most matters like education, law enforcement, and local commerce to the states. But what was the purpose of this new system? With the recurring calls to abolish the Electoral College and recently even the popular vote, it's imperative to understand why the United States adopted such a hybridized system of local, state, and national government.

 

Dividing power between state and national governments better secures the public good by allowing states to serve as the laboratories of democracy and respond more quickly to diverse and changing interests. If one state government becomes too oppressive or heavily taxes companies and citizens, residents and companies can relocate to other states with different laws and policies.

 

The Founders also believed a lone national government would lead to authoritarian rule. So they designed federalism to preserve the spirit and form of government by the people for the people. The federal system with state and federal representatives creates greater opportunities for citizens to flex their political muscle. With more bottom-up influence, civic spiritedness and civic participation is more possible and more likely.

 

Finally, it creates multiple layers of protection for liberty. Dual sovereignty between the states and D.C. provides checks and balances on power and federal overreach. For example, despite federal prohibition, various states have legalized recreational marijuana use with little intervention from the federal government. Today, as America faces no shortage of challenges, federalism continues to allow unity without uniformity, experimentation without existential risk, and liberty without losing local control.

 

In an age of increasing polarization, federalism is more vital than ever, enabling diverse communities to live according to their values while experiencing the security, security and stability of one unified nation.