Published December 1, 2025
Biology is rapidly becoming a general-purpose technology with far-reaching consequences for economic competitiveness and national security, placing the United States at a pivotal moment. While China advances with an all-of-nation strategy and world-class facilities, America risks forfeiting its longstanding leadership without decisive action. Three imperatives define the path forward: foundational investments in biotechnology infrastructure and standards, securing biology through biological intelligence and modern biodefense capabilities, and expanding nationwide access to biotech education, tools, and capital. Acting at scale will determine whether the next century of biotechnology strengthens American prosperity, security, and freedom.
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© 2025 by the Board of Trustees of Leland Stanford Junior University.
Drew Endy
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