Europe

The rising challenge posed by China’s active and expansionary foreign policy requires careful study and rebuttal. Its threat to long-standing norms of the liberal order are leading to pushback across the globe.

Fellows address the consequences of Vladimir Putin’s decision to invade Ukraine, the presence of Russian forces in Syria, Moscow’s position at the center of great-power politics, and nuclear disarmament negotiations between leaders in the Kremlin and in the White House.

Fellows analyze the geopolitics of the Middle East, including issues related to energy security, sectarian violence, peace prospects between Israelis and Palestinians, and power rivalries in the Persian Gulf region. Fellows also assess the issue of nuclear proliferation, especially Iran’s ambitions for nuclear weapons and the West’s revival of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action with leaders in Tehran.