It’s pretty clear why monopolies are dangerous and unwanted - they squelch competition, increase prices, reduce choice, and diminish innovation.
But there's also a lot of confusion about what is or isn't a monopoly.
For example, almost 70 percent of web searches go through Google, and 90% of the world's zippers are made by YKK. But a company's market share doesn’t make it a monopoly.
The critical feature of a monopoly is its ability to prevent others from offering competing products or services.
So no matter how big Google gets, anyone can compete against it. Think about it - you can actually use Google to find a different search engine!
The companies and organizations we should worry about are the ones that have special treatment from the government, which helps prevent others from starting new businesses or offering alternatives to consumers.
These anti-competitive measures may include artificially raising the cost of starting a business, stricter mandates and regulations on others, or even making competing services outright illegal.
For example, in over a dozen states, it’s currently illegal for Tesla to sell cars directly to consumers, because car dealer associations have a government-supported monopoly on auto sales.
This is good for car dealers, but it’s definitely NOT good for consumers, who face fewer options and higher prices.
So, the next time you notice high prices, lack of innovation, or a lack of choice - ask yourself who - or what - is keeping the competition out?
