Previous China Leadership Monitor articles have focused upon China’s significant deficiencies in crisis management and strategic signaling, and explored the role of military-to-military relations in either improving or exacerbating those problems. Often, the success or failure of those interactions is determined in part by the personalities involved. In the past year, there has been a sea change in the Chinese team responsible for these activities, in particular the replacement of longtime interlocutor and nemesis Xiong Guangkai with Ma Xiaotian and Chen Xiaogong. CLM 22 presented a fuller picture of Chen Xiaogong than previously available. This article is devoted to Ma Xiaotian.

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