- China
- Science & Technology
- Innovation
- Economics
- Energy & Environment
- Renewable Energy
- Confronting and Competing with China
Dr. Elizabeth Economy talks with Dr. Joanna Lewis and Dr. Scott Moore to explore China's commanding position in the global clean energy sector and its far-reaching implications. The two experts explain how China has become both the world's largest manufacturer and consumer of clean energy technologies, dominating supply chains from raw materials through finished products like solar panels, wind turbines, and batteries. The conversation tackles the complex question of whether China can be considered a climate leader, revealing a mixed picture of impressive renewable energy investments alongside continued heavy coal dependence. Additionally, the three address China's recent export restrictions on rare earth materials, examining whether this move strengthens or undermines China's strategic position in ongoing trade tensions with the United States. The discussion concludes with recommendations for U.S. policy, including avoiding the reversal of clean energy progress and potentially negotiating deals with Chinese companies to keep American industries competitive.
Recorded on October 23, 2025.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Joanna Lewis is a Professor of Energy and Environment in the Science, Technology, and International Affairs Program (STIA) at Georgetown University's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. She is the author of Cooperating for the Climate: Learning from International Partnerships in China’s Clean Energy Sector (MIT Press) and Green Innovation in China: China's Wind Power Industry and the Global Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy (Columbia University Press) and has represented the United States twice as an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Lead Author.
Scott Moore is a Practice Professor of Political Science, Director of China Programs and Strategic Initiatives, and a Senior Advisor to The Water Center at Penn at the University of Pennsylvania. His primary research interests center on China, climate change, and security. Other research interests and teaching include water security and China’s role in the biotechnology sector. Dr. Moore’s first book, Subnational Hydropolitics: Conflict, Cooperation, and Institution-Building in Shared River Basins (Oxford University Press, 2018), examines how climate change and other pressures affect the likelihood of conflict over water within countries. His latest, China’s Next Act: How Sustainability and Technology are Reshaping China’s Rise and the World’s Future (Oxford University Press, 2022), explores how shared ecological and technological challenges force us to re-envision China’s rise and its role in the world.
Elizabeth Economy is the Hargrove Senior Fellow and co-director of the Program on the US, China, and the World at the Hoover Institution. From 2021-2023, she took leave from Hoover to serve as the senior advisor for China to the US Secretary of Commerce. Before joining Hoover, she was the C.V. Starr Senior Fellow and director, Asia Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations. She is the author of four books on China, including most recently The World According to China (Polity, 2021), and the co-editor of two volumes. She serves on the boards of the National Endowment for Democracy and the National Committee on US-China Relations. She is a member of the Aspen Strategy Group and Council on Foreign Relations and serves as a book reviewer for Foreign Affairs.
ABOUT THE SERIES
China Considered with Elizabeth Economy is a Hoover Institution podcast series that features in-depth conversations with leading political figures, scholars, and activists from around the world. The series explores the ideas, events, and forces shaping China’s future and its global relationships, offering high-level expertise, clear-eyed analysis, and valuable insights to demystify China’s evolving dynamics and what they may mean for ordinary citizens and key decision makers across societies, governments, and the private sector.
