Understanding the Effects of Technology on Economics and Governance

Drew Endy

Science Fellow/Senior Fellow (courtesy)

Drew Endy is a science fellow and senior fellow (courtesy) at the Hoover Institution. He leads Hoover’s Bio-Strategy and Leadership effort, which focuses on keeping increasingly biotic futures secure, flourishing, and democratic. Professor Endy also researches and teaches bioengineering at Stanford University, where he is the Martin Family University Fellow in Undergraduate Education, senior fellow (courtesy) of the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, and faculty codirector of degree programs for the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design.

Professor Endy helped launch new undergraduate majors in bioengineering at both MIT and Stanford and the International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition, which involves thousands of students annually. Endy has served on the US National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Committee on Science, Technology, and Law; the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Synthetic Biology Task Force; and, briefly, the Pentagon’s Defense Innovation Board. He currently serves on the World Health Organization’s Advisory Committee on Variola Virus Research; the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (OECD) Global Forum on Technology’s synthetic biology task force; and the Defense Science Board’s Emerging Biotechnology and National Security Task Force. Endy earned his PhD from Dartmouth in biotechnology and biochemical engineering and has been recognized in Esquire magazine as one of the seventy-five most influential people of the twenty-first century.

Amy Zegart

Morris Arnold and Nona Jean Cox Senior Fellow

Dr. Amy Zegart is the Morris Arnold and Nona Jean Cox Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. The author of five books, she specializes in US intelligence, emerging technologies, and national security. At Hoover, she leads the Technology Policy Accelerator and the Oster National Security Affairs Fellows Program. She also is an associate director and senior fellow at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI; a senior fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute; and professor of political science, by courtesy, teaching one hundred students each year about how emerging technologies are transforming espionage.

Zegart’s award-winning research includes the leading academic study of intelligence failures before 9/11: Spying Blind: The CIA, the FBI, and the Origins of 9/11 (Princeton, 2007) and the bestseller Spies, Lies, and Algorithms: The History and Future of American Intelligence (Princeton, 2022), which was nominated by Princeton University Press for the Pulitzer Prize. She also coauthored Political Risk: How Businesses and Organizations Can Anticipate Global Insecurity, with Condoleezza Rice (Twelve, 2018). Her op-eds and essays have appeared in Foreign Affairs, Politico, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Wall Street Journal.

Zegart has advised senior officials about intelligence and foreign policy for more than two decades. She served on the National Security Council staff and as a presidential campaign foreign policy advisor and has testified before numerous congressional committees. Before advancing her academic career, she spent several years as a McKinsey & Company consultant.

Zegart received an AB in East Asian studies from Harvard and an MA and a PhD in political science from Stanford. She serves on the boards of the Council on Foreign Relations, Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, and the American Funds/Capital Group.

Mike Kuiken

Distinguished Visiting Fellow

Mike Kuiken serves as a commissioner on the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission, following a tenure spanning nearly twenty-three years in the US Senate, where he served as national security advisor to Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, holding the Senate’s most senior national security staff role.

As a staff member of the “Gang of Eight,” Kuiken played a key role in shaping critical national security policies and providing oversight on intelligence operations, particularly on the most sensitive matters, for over seven years. He also led efforts to advance America’s competitiveness in critical technology sectors, playing key roles in the passage of landmark legislation such as the CHIPS and Science Act; in establishing the Senate's bipartisan Artificial Intelligence Insight Forums; and in securing significant process reforms in the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States.

Prior to joining Senator Schumer’s team, Kuiken spent more than a decade on the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC) staff as a professional staff member. His portfolio on SASC included the Middle East, Africa, and the Western Hemisphere, as well as counterterrorism and intelligence policy.  

During his time on the SASC, he worked for two giants of the Senate: Jack Reed and the late Senator Carl Levin.  His major accomplishments on SASC included a massive expansion of congressional oversight of sensitive military operations; several major rounds of legislation that expanded sanctions on Iran; and once-in-a-generation reform of the Department of Defense’s security assistance authorities—some of which have been key enablers of defense support to Ukraine in its conflict with Russia.

Over the course of his career, Kuiken has been on the front lines of every consequential national security issue: war on terrorism, wars in in Iraq and Afghanistan, Iran, Arab Spring, war in Syria, rise of the Islamic State, Benghazi, rise of China, Russia’s interference in American democracy, Taiwan, and the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza. He has traveled to more than seventy-five countries, leading staff and congressional delegation visits to capitals and the front lines. He has journeyed to every conflict zone since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.  

He most recently led the Majority Leader’s delegations to the People’s Republic of China, Israel, and Ukraine. He has also played an integral role in two decades’ worth of defense appropriations bills and national defense authorization acts, the two most consequential pieces of national security legislation passed annually by the Senate.
 

Douglas Rivers

Senior Fellow

Douglas Rivers is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution and a professor of political science at Stanford University. He is also the Chief Scientist at YouGov PLC, a global polling firm.

John B. Taylor

George P. Shultz Senior Fellow in Economics

John B. Taylor is the George P. Shultz Senior Fellow in Economics at the Hoover Institution and the Mary and Robert Raymond Professor of Economics at Stanford University. He chairs the Hoover Working Group on Economic Policy, co-chairs the Hoover Technology, Economics and Governance Working Group, and is director of Stanford’s Introductory Economics Center.

Taylor's fields of expertise are monetary policy, fiscal policy, and international economics. His book Getting Off Track was one of the first on the financial crisis; his latest book, First Principles, for which he received the 2012 Hayek Prize, develops an economic plan to restore America’s prosperity. His most recent book is Choose Economic Freedom: Enduring Policy Lessons from the 1970s and 1980s with George P. Shultz.

Taylor served as senior economist on President Ford's and President Carter’s Council of Economic Advisers, as a member of President George H. W. Bush's Council of Economic Advisers, and as a senior economic adviser to Bob Dole’s presidential campaign, to George W. Bush’s presidential campaign in 2000, and to John McCain’s presidential campaign. He was a member of the Congressional Budget Office's Panel of Economic Advisers from 1995 to 2001. From 2001 to 2005, Taylor served as undersecretary of the Treasury for international affairs where he was responsible for currency markets, international development, for oversight of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, and for coordinating policy with the G-7 and G-20.

Taylor received the Bradley Prize from the Bradley Foundation and the Adam Smith Award as well as the Adolph G. Abramson Award from the National Association for Business Economics. He was awarded the Alexander Hamilton Award for his overall leadership at the US Treasury, the Treasury Distinguished Service Award for designing and implementing the currency reforms in Iraq, and the Medal of the Republic of Uruguay for his work in resolving the 2002 financial crisis. At Stanford he was awarded the George P. Shultz Distinguished Public Service Award, as well as the Hoagland Prize and the Rhodes Prize for excellence in undergraduate teaching. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Econometric Society; he formerly served as vice president of the American Economic Association.

Taylor received the 2016 Adam Smith Award from the Association of Private Enterprise Education and the 2015 Truman Medal for Economic Policy for extraordinary contribution to the formation and conduct of economic policy.

Taylor formerly held positions as professor of economics at Princeton University and Columbia University. Taylor received a BA in economics summa cum laude from Princeton University in 1968 and a PhD in economics from Stanford University in 1973.

Anne Neuberger

Distinguished Visiting Fellow

Anne Neuberger is a distinguished visiting fellow at the Hoover Institution. Neuberger is an internationally recognized leader in cybersecurity, risk management, and emerging technology policy, with deep expertise developed through senior roles at the White House and the National Security Agency (NSA). She is the Frank E. and Arthur W. Payne Distinguished Lecturer at Stanford University, a distinguished fellow at both the Hoover Institution and the Royal United Services Institute, and a strategic advisor at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory.

Ms. Neuberger served as deputy assistant to the president and deputy national security advisor from January 2021 to 2025. In those roles, she had primary responsibility for national policy around cyber warfare, cybersecurity, and emerging technologies, including quantum, spectrum, advanced telecommunications (5G/6G), and components of AI policy. She built and led international coalitions to address transnational threats, including establishing the US Counter Ransomware Initiative, which grew to seventy partner countries.

Prior to this role, she served for more than a decade at the NSA and the Pentagon in senior roles where she was responsible for setting strategic direction and guiding execution of complex, global operations. She led major organizational transformations, including the creation of the NSA’s Cybersecurity Directorate (4,000 people), where she drove operational integration and public–private collaboration. At the NSA, she was appointed as associate deputy director of global intelligence operations (19,000 professionals) and director of the Cybersecurity Directorate. In 2013, she was appointed the NSA’s first chief risk officer, following sensitive media disclosures of the NSA’s operations. In that role, Ms. Neuberger built the NSA’s first enterprise risk management program.

She has been awarded the Department of Defense and the NSA highest civilian awards as well as a Presidential Rank Award.

Ms. Neuberger entered government service as a White House Fellow. Prior to her government service, she held several positions related to technology and operations at a large financial services firm. Throughout her government and private sector roles, she continued to devote significant efforts to transformative non-profit projects.

Ms. Neuberger has an MBA and master of international affairs from Columbia University.

Lee Ohanian

Senior Fellow (adjunct)

Lee E. Ohanian is a senior fellow (adjunct) at the Hoover Institution and a professor of economics and director of the Ettinger Family Program in Macroeconomic Research at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).

He is associate director of the Center for the Advanced Study in Economic Efficiency at Arizona State University and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, where he codirects the research initiative Macroeconomics across Time and Space. He is also a fellow in the Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory.

His research focuses on economic crises, economic growth, and the impact of public policy on the economy. Ohanian is coeditor of Government Policies and Delayed Economic Recovery (Hoover Institution Press, 2012). He is an adviser to the Federal Reserve Banks of Minneapolis and St. Louis, has previously advised other Federal Reserve banks, foreign central banks, and the National Science Foundation, and has testified to national and state legislative committees on economic policy. He is on the editorial boards of Econometrica and Macroeconomic Dynamics. He is a frequent media commentator and writes for the Wall Street Journal, Forbes, and Investor’s Business Daily. He has won numerous teaching awards at UCLA and the University of Rochester.

He previously served on the faculties of the Universities of Minnesota and Pennsylvania and as vice president at Security Pacific Bank. He received his undergraduate degree in economics from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and his PhD in economics from the University of Rochester.